KJC Medicinal Garden

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Hill Mango
Commiphora caudata


Order: Sapindales
Family: Burseraceae
Genus: Commiphora
Species: C.caudata
Common Names: Hill mango, Mavu ,Kiluvai, mamidi
Native to Southern India and srilanka

Other plants of the same genus with medicinal properties

    1. C. myrrha
    2. C. wightii
    3. C. mukul
    4. C. africana
    5. C.kerstingii
Morphology:
  • Flower – axillary panicked cymes.
  • Fruit – globose, fleshy drupe, 2-6 valved, seed 1, black with 4 radiating wings.
  • Leaf – alternate -spiral, imparipinnate, ovate-oblong.

Uses in Tradition systems of medicine

  • This plant is used in curing various ailments like arthritis, hyperlipidemia pain, healing of wounds, coronary artery, gynecological disorders.
  • Traditionally the plant parts are used in the treatment of diabetes, ulcer, inflammation, diarrhoea and spasms.
  • Leaves of this plant are used to improve digestion and to increase appetite.
  • The hill pulayas of Kerala use the leaves of this plant to treat inflammation and pain.
  • The endosperm obtained from 4/5 fresh or dried seeds of C. Caudata are taken 2 times a day for 2-3 days to relieve stomach ache.
  • The stem and bark are traditionally used in the treatment of rheumatism, ulcers, diarrhoea and spasms.
  • The oleo gum resin of the tree is used as incense.
  • The gum resin from the bark is used for treating stomach troubles.
  • he gum of the stem mixed with water to form mouth washes to cure mouth ulcers.
Nutritional Properties
  • Maximum value of organic matter has been found in Commiphora caudata, organic matter also leads to increase in cation exchangeable capacity and quantity of N, K and P.
  • P availability is also indicative of the soil PH.
  • There are trace elements that are required in micro quantity for optimum growth of plants.
  • It requires the amount of micronutrients in the order of Mn>Fe>Cu>Zn.
  • Carbohydrates.
  • Steroids.
  • Protein.

Suggested Medicinal Properties

  • Anti – arthritic
  • Anti- inflammatory
  • Anti- bacterial
  • Anti-coagulant
  • Anti-dicrocoeliasis
  • Anti epileptic
  • Anti fascioliasis
  • Anti fungal
  • Anti heterophyidiasis
  • Anti hypercholesterolemic
  • Anti hyperlipidemic
  • Anti obesity
  • Anti hypothyroidism
  • Anti oxidant
  • Anti obesity
  • Anti parasitic
  • Antiseptic
  • Anti ulcer
  • Cardio protective
  • COX enzyme inhibitory
  • Anti carcinogenic /Anti cancer.

Active Phytochemicals

1. In leaf oil : β- pinene (33.7%), cyclofenchene (17.8%), α- terpineol (10.5%), Monoterpene hydrocarbons are major compounds. α-terpineol, verbenol (5.40%), 4-terpineol (3.79%), Myrtenol(3.73%), linalool acetate (2.61%), β-linalool (1.48%) were oxygenated Monoterpene.

2. In fruit: alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol, cardiac glycosides, saponins, quinones, steroids, tannins are the major compounds present.

3. In fruit oil: Monoterpene hydrocarbons (32.56) are the major compounds present. Linalool acetate (1.15), thujen-2-one (1.91), myrtenol (0.86), β-linalool (1.23) we’re oxygenated Monoterpene (50.32).

4. In seeds: the C. Caudata plant extract contains 8.21-5.0% (mg/ml) flavonoids, 20.8 + 0.2% (mg/ml) phenol.

5. In root: it was reported that phytochemical screening of roots using various solvents.
Amino Acids, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Protein, tannins, terpenoids, Steroids .


References


McDowell P G, Lwande W S, Deans G, Waterman P G. “Volatile resin exudate from stem bark of Commiphora rostrata, potential role in plant defence.” Phytochemistry vol. 27 (1988): 2519–2521.

Latha S, Selvamani P, Sen D J, Gupta J K, Pal T K, Ghosh L K.” Antibacterial activity of Commiphora caudata and Commiphora berryi leaves.” Indian Drugs vol. 42 (2005): 696–698.