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Gantubhaarangi
Clerodendrum serratum


Order: Lamiales
Family: Verbenaceae
Genus: Clerodendrum
Species: C. serratum
Common Names: Bharangi, Blue-flowered Glory Tree
Native to Tropical and warm temperate regions like Africa, Southern Asia, Malaysia, forests of India and Sri Lanka.

Other plants of the same genus with medicinal properties

    C. indicum
    C. phlomidi
    C. serratum var. amplexifolium
    C. trichotomum
    C. chinense
    C. petasites
Morphology:
  • Slightly woody shrub with blunt stems and branches. Small shrub (2-4 metre tall), annual or perennial
  • Root: Mature root hard, woody, cylindrical; up to 5 cm thick; external surface light brown having elongated lenticels.
  • Stem: quadrangular (four-angled).
  • Bark: Thin and easily separated from a broad wood which shows marked medullary rays and concentric growth rings in a transversely cut surface; short fractures; acrid taste.
  • Leaf: three at a node, opposite oblong or elliptic, serrate, alternate without stipules.
  • Flower: pinkish white-blue, bisexual, zygomorphic, Corolla with a slender tube, lobe-5, spreading; stamens epipetalous (4 or 2 in number), anther 1 or 2-celled usually dehiscing longitudinally; disc persistent. Superior 2-celled ovary and each cell consists of 2 ovules.
  • Fruit: Four lobed purple drupe.
  • Seed: With or without endosperm.

Uses in Tradition systems of medicine

  • Used in Ayurveda, Siddha and unani medicines
  • Root is used in the treatment of asthma, cough and scrofulous affections.
  • Used to treat fever and sinusitis.
  • Juice of leaves is mixed with ghee as an application to herpetic outbreaks and pemphigus.
  • Roots are claimed to be used in dyspepsia.
  • Leaves serve as vermifuge and is a bitter tonic.
  • The root is one of the ingredients of Brahata panchamool.
  • The plant is considered as antitoxic, antiseptic, astringent and styptic.
  • Breaks down mucus and acts as mucolytic
  • Improves digestion strength
  • Useful in worm infestation
  • Useful in treating burning sensation
Nutritional Properties
  • Carbohydrates ( D-mannitol)
  • Steroids
  • Flavonoid
  • Protein

Suggested Medicinal Properties

  • Antimicrobial
  • Anti-asthmatic
  • Anti-carcinogenic
  • Antioxidant
  • Anti-pyretic
  • Wound healing activity
  • Gastro protective activity
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Anti-allergic
  • Anti-hypertensive
  • Hypoglycaemic
  • Hepatoprotective
  • Neuroprotective
  • Anti-nociceptive

Active Phytochemicals

1. Saponins
2. D – mannitol


3. Stigmasterol (2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid)
6. Clerodone (3β- hydroxyl- lupan 12-one)
7. Β-sitosterol
8. Arabinose
9. Catchin
10. α-spinosterol
11. Luteoline
12. Ethycholesta – 5, 24 25- trine 3β-o-hispidulin
13. Hispidulin

14.Cleroflavone
15. Apigenin

16. 7-hydroxy flavanone
17. scutellareinand pectolinarigenin
18. serratagenic acid
19. acteoside
20. indolizino

References


Jagruti J. P, Sanjeev R. A, Niyati S. A. Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon. – A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 154, 2 (2014): 268-285, ISSN 0378-8741, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.03.071.

Singh M.K, Khare G., Iyer S.K., Sharwan G. and Tripathi D. K. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 02, 02 (2012): 11-15.