KJC Medicinal Garden

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Golaganji
Adenanthera pavonina


Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Adenanthera
Species: Adenanthera pavonina L.
Common Names: Red bead tree, Coral bean tree, False wiliwili, red sandlewood, Pomea
Native to China, India

Other plants of the same genus with medicinal properties

    Adenanthera bicolor Merr
    Adenanthera intermedia Merr
    Adenanthera aglaosperma Alston
    Adenanthera borneensiss Prain
    Adenanthera forbesii Gagnep
    Adenanthera malayana Kosterm
Morphology:
  • A medium sized to large deciduous tree (6-15m tall), Erect
  • Leaves: Compound, Pinnate, Opposite, Leaflets are oblong, glabrous
  • Fruit: Pod
  • Flowers: Yellow, Raceme
  • Seeds: Reddish and Shiny

Uses in Tradition systems of medicine

  • Used in Ayurveda (Vatha-Pitta, hara, kasa hara)
  • Young leaves and bark is used to treat diarrhoea, stomach haemorrhage, haematuria.
  • Ground trees are used to treat inflammation.
  • Used to treat Gout, Rheumatic.
  • Leaves extract has antibacterial activity against the intestinal pathogen Campylobacter jejuni.
  • Seeds are used for the treatment of paralysis and blood pressure.
  • Seed extract have an anti-inflammatory effect rats and mice.
Nutritional Properties
  • Vitamin E (33.09 and 15.94 mg/100 g).
  • Minerals: Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorous, Potassium and sulphur.
  • Salicylic acid(201.01 and 151.95µg/100 g.
  • Protein: 27.72 %; Fat: ; Ash contents: 2.51 %; Carbohydrate 54.36%; Starch: 42.17 %.

Suggested Medicinal Properties

  • Astringent
  • Styptic
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Antioxidant
  • Hepatoprotective
  • Anticephalgic
  • Gastroprotective activity
  • Antifungal
  • Antibacterial
  • Acute toxicity
  • Anti-diarrheal
  • Cytotoxic

Active Phytochemicals

1. Saponins
Saponin is a naturally occurring phenolic molecule found in Adenanthera pavonina. It serve as anti-feedants and it also protects the plants from fungi and microbes. It also enhance nutrient absorption and helps in digestion. Saponin lowers cancer risks and decrease blood lipids. Also used for the treatment of hypercalciuria, in the inhibition of dental caries, platelet aggregation and antidote against acute lead poisoning.

2. Robinetins
3. Chalcone
4. Butin
5. Flavanol ampelopsin
6. Stigmasterol glucosides
7. Oleanolic acid
8. Echinocystic acid
9. Sapogenins
10. Ethyl 3,3-dimethyl-13-hydroxy tridecanoate
11. Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol
12. Tert butyl tridecanoate
13. 1-(N-propylamino)-2-henecosanone

References

Olumayokun A Olajide et al. “Anti-inflammatory studies on Adenanthera pavonina seed extract”. Inflammopharmacology. 2004; 12(2): 196-202. doi: 10.1163/1568560041352310.

Marcilia Pinheiro costa et al. Biopolymer from Adenanthera pavonina L. seeds:Characterization, Photostability, Antioxidant activity and Biotoxicity evaluation. 2018. doi: 10.115520181385830.